In Nepali, verb conjugation is affected by the subject’s pronoun, tense, formality, and politeness. The verb “to go” is जानु (jānu), and its conjugation varies according to the tense (present, past, future), number (singular, plural), and honorific levels. Here’s a breakdown along with the grammar structure:
1. Present Tense (वर्तमान काल)
Structure: Subject. + (root verb) जान् + conjugatedsuffix
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| I go: म जान्छु (ma jānchu) म (ma): subject (I) जान्छु (jānchu): root verb + suffix (-छु for first person singular) | We go: हामी जान्छौँ (hāmī jānchaũ) हामी (hāmī): subject (we) जान्छौँ (jānchaũ): root verb + suffix (-छौँ for first person plural) |
| You go (informal): तिमी जान्छौ (timī jānchau) तिमी (timī): subject (you, informal) जान्छौ (jānchau): root verb + suffix (-छौ for informal second person singular) | They go: उनीहरू जान्छन् (unīharū jānchan) उनीहरू (unīharū): subject (they) जान्छन् (jānchan): root verb + suffix (-छन् for third person plural) |
| He/She goes (informal): ऊ जान्छ (ū jāncha) ऊ (ū): subject (he/she, informal) जान्छ (jāncha): root verb + suffix (-छ for informal third person singular) | ——– |
| You go (formal): तपाईं जानुहुन्छ (tapāĩ jānuhunchha) तपाईं (tapāĩ): subject (you, formal) जानुहुन्छ (jānuhunchha): root verb + formal suffix (-हुन्छ) | ——– |
| He/She goes (formal): वहाँ जानुहुन्छ (wahã jānuhunchha) वहाँ (wahã): subject (he/she, formal) जानुहुन्छ (jānuhunchha): root verb + formal suffix (-हुन्छ) | ——– |
2. Past Tense (भूतकाल)
Structure: Subject + rootverb(ग) + pastsuffix
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| I went: म गएँ (ma gayẽ) म (ma): subject (I) गएँ (gayẽ): past root verb with suffix (-एँ) | We went: हामी गयौं (hāmī gayaũ) हामी (hāmī): subject (we) गयौं (gayaũ): past root verb with suffix (-यौं for first person plural) |
| You went (informal): तिमी गयौ (timī gayau) तिमी (timī): subject (you, informal) गयौ (gayau): past root verb + suffix (-यौ) | They went: उनीहरू गए (unīharū gaye) उनीहरू (unīharū): subject (they) गए (gaye): past root verb + suffix (-ए for third person plural) |
| He/She went: ऊ गयो (ū gayo) ऊ (ū): subject (he/she, informal) गयो (gayo): past root verb + suffix (-यो) | ———- |
| You went (formal): तपाईं जानु भयो (tapāĩ jānu bhayo) तपाईं (tapāĩ): subject (you, formal) जानु भयो (jānu bhayo): past form with formal suffix | ———- |
| He/She went (formal): वहाँ जानु भयो (wahã jānu bhayo) वहाँ (wahã): subject (he/she, formal) जानु भयो (jānu bhayo): past root verb with formal suffix | ———- |
3. Future Tense (भविष्य काल)
Structure: Subject+(rootverb)जान्+conjugatedfuturesuffix
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| I will go: म जानेछु (ma jānechu) म (ma): subject (I) जानेछु (jānechu): future form + suffix (-छु for first person singular) | We will go: हामी जानेछौँ (hāmī jānechaũ) हामी (hāmī): subject (we) जानेछौँ (jānechaũ): future form with suffix (-छौँ for first person plural) |
| You will go (informal): तिमी जानेछौ (timī jānechau) तिमी (timī): subject (you, informal) जानेछौ (jānechau): future form + suffix (-छौ) | They will go: उनीहरू जानेछन् (unīharū jānechan) उनीहरू (unīharū): subject (they) जानेछन् (jānechan): future form with suffix (-छन् for third person plural) |
| He/She will go: ऊ जानेछ (ū jānecha) ऊ (ū): subject (he/she, informal) जानेछ (jānecha): future form + suffix (-छ for third person singular) | ———- |
| You will go (formal): तपाईं जानुहुनेछ (tapāĩ jānuhunecha) तपाईं (tapāĩ): subject (you, formal) जानुहुनेछ (jānuhunecha): future form with formal suffix | ———- |
| He/She will go (formal): वहाँ जानुहुनेछ (wahã jānuhunecha) वहाँ (wahã): subject (he/she, formal) जानुहुनेछ (jānuhunecha): future form with formal suffix | – ——— |
