As we all know there are three tenses in English. Similarly, there are also three tenses in Nepali.
This article will delve deep into the details of the Simple Future tense in Nepali grammar, providing in-depth explanations and examples to fully understand this vital grammatical concept.
Simple present tense सरल वर्तमान काल (Saral vartamana kala)
The simple present tense is a verb tense used to describe actions or situations that are habitual, general truths, or happening right now. It is often used to express.
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + छ / छन् (cha/chan for singular/plural subjects)
Conversation between two persons about the present situation around adding the phone.
व्यक्ति १: तिमी कहिले उठ्छौ?
Person 1: When do you wake up?
Person 1: Timi kahile uthchau?
व्यक्ति २: म प्रायः बिहान ६ बजे उठ्छु। अनि तिमी?
Person 2: I usually wake up at 6 in the morning. And you?
Person 2: Ma prayah bihān 6 baje uthchu. Ani timī?
व्यक्ति १: म पनि बिहान ६ बजे उठ्छु। उठेपछि तिमी के गर्छौ?
Person 1:I also woke up at 6 in the morning. What do you do after waking up?
Person 1: Ma pani bihan 6 baje thchu. Uthepachi timī ke garchau?
व्यक्ति २:म उठेपछि दाँत माझ्छु र अनुहार धोइन्छु। अनि म चिया खान्छु। तिमी के गर्छौ?
Person 2:After waking up, I brush my teeth and wash my face. Then I have tea. What do you do?
Person 2: Ma uthepachi dat majhchu ra anuhar dhoinchu. Ani ma chiya khanchu. Timī ke garchau?
व्यक्ति १: म पनि उस्तै गर्छु। त्यसपछि म हल्का व्यायाम गर्छु।
Person 1: I do the same. After that, I do light exercise.
Person 1: Ma pani ustai garchu. Tespachi ma halkā vyāyām garchu.
व्यक्ति २:त्यसपछि तिमी कहिले पढ्छौ?
Person 2:When do you study then?
Person 2: Tespachi timī kahile paḍhchau?
व्यक्ति १:म सधैं ७ बजे पढ्न बस्छु। तिमी पनि बिहान पढ्छौ?
Person 1: I always start studying at 7. Do you also study in the morning?
Person 1: Ma sadhai 7 baje paḍhna baschu. Timī pani bihān padhchau?
व्यक्ति २: हो, म पनि बिहानै पढ्छु। बिहानको समय शान्त हुन्छ, त्यसैले ध्यान दिन सजिलो हुन्छ।
Person 2:Yes, I also study in the morning. The morning time is peaceful, so it’s easier to concentrate.
Person 2: Ho, ma pani bihanai paḍhchu. Bihanko samay sant cha, tesaile dhyān din sajilo huncha.
व्यक्ति १:ठीकै हो, बिहान पढ्न सजिलो लाग्छ। अनि तिमी विद्यालय कहिले जान्छौ?
Person 1:That’s true, it’s easier to study in the morning. When do you go to school?
Person 1: Ṭhikai ho, bihān padhna sajilo lagcha. Ani timī vidyālay kahile janchau?
व्यक्ति २:म विद्यालय ९ बजे जान्छु। तिमी?
Person 2:I go to school at 9. And you?
Person 2: Ma vidyālay 9 baje jānchu. Timī?
व्यक्ति १:म पनि ९ बजे नै जान्छु।
Person 1: I also go at 9.
Person 1: Ma pani 9 baje nai janchu.
This is all about the simple present tenses.
Simple past tense सरल भूतकाल (Saral bhutakala)
The simple past tense describes actions that happened and were completed in the past. It typically involves adding “-ed” to the base form of regular verbs (e.g., “walk” becomes “walked”), but irregular verbs can have unique past forms (e.g., “go” becomes “went”).
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + ए / इयो / एछ (ae /iyo/aecha)
Two girls had just met, so they were asking about what they had done on a rainy day yesterday.
व्यक्ति १:हिजो तिमीले के गर्यौ?
Person 1:What did you do yesterday?
Person 1: Hijo timīle ke garyau?
व्यक्ति २:हिजो म बजार जान्छु भनेको थिएँ, तर मौसम खराब भयो, त्यसैले म घरमै बसेँ।
Person 2:I had planned to go to the market, but the weather was bad, so I stayed at home.
Person 2: Hijo ma bazar janchu bhaneko thie, tara mausam kharab bhayo, tesaile ma gharmai base.
व्यक्ति १:कस्तो खराब मौसम थियो? धेरै वर्षा भयो र?
Person 1: What was the bad weather like? Did it rain a lot?
Person 1: Kasto kharab mausam thiyo? Dherai varsa bhayo ra?
व्यक्ति २:हो, हिजो धेरै वर्षा भयो। मैले धेरै समय घरमै बिताएँ, किताब पढेँ र फिल्म हेरेँ।
Person 2: Yes, it rained a lot yesterday. I spent a lot of time at home, read a book, and watched a movie.
Person 2: Ho, hijo dherai varsa bhayo. Maile dherai samay gharmai bitae, kitab padhe ra film here.
व्यक्ति १:राम्रो भयो, तिमीलाई कस्तो किताब मन पर्यो?
Person 1:That sounds good. Which book did you like?
Person 1: Ramro bhayo, timilāi kasto kitab man paryo?
व्यक्ति २:मैले “शिवालय” किताब पढें। यो निकै रोचक थियो।
Person 2:I read the book “Shivalaya.” It was quite interesting.
Person 2: Maile “Shivalaya” kitab paḍhe. Yo nikai rochak thiyo.
व्यक्ति १:मैले पनि त्यो किताब पढेको छु। म पनि त्यसमाथि लेख्न चाहन्छु।
Person 2: I’ve read that book too. I also want to write about it.
Person 1: Maile pani tyo kitab padheko chu. Ma pani tyasmathi lekhnā chahanchu.
व्यक्ति २:धेरै राम्रो! हिजो तिम्रो फिल्म हेर्न गयो कि?
Person 2:That’s great! Did you watch a movie yesterday?
Person 2: Dherai ramro! Hijo timro film herna gayou ki?
व्यक्ति १:हो, मैले “अर्को सूरज” फिल्म हेरेँ। त्यो फिल्म निकै राम्रो लाग्यो।
Person 1:Yes, I watched the movie “Another Sun.” I really liked it.
Person 1: Ho, maile “Arko Suraj” film here. Tyo film nikai ramro lagyo.
व्यक्ति २:मजा आयो भनेको सुनिएछ। हिजो साँझको योजना कस्तो थियो?
Person 2: It sounds like you had fun. What were your plans for the evening?
Person 2: Maja ayo bhaneko suniecha. Hijo sajhko yojana kasto thiyo?
व्यक्ति १:हिजो साँझ साथीहरूको पार्टी थियो, र म त्यहाँ गएको थिएँ। रमाइलो भयो।
Person 1: There was a party with friends in the evening, and I went there. It was enjoyable.
Person 1: Hijo sajh sathiharuko parti thiyo, ra ma tyaha gaeko thie. Ramailo bhayo.
व्यक्ति २:रमाइलो सुनिएछ। मैले पनि केही समय पछि पार्टी गयो भने सोचिरहेको छु।
Person 2:That sounds fun. I’m thinking of going to a party sometime soon as well.
Person 2: Ramailo suniecha. Maile pani kehi samay pachi partīigayo bhane sochiraheko chu.
The conversation ends between two persons.
Simple future tense सरल भविष्य काल (Saral bhavisya kala)
The simple future tense is used to describe actions or events that will happen at a later time. It typically uses the auxiliary verb “will” followed by the base form of the main verb.
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + नेछु / नेछ / नेछन् (nechhu/necha/nechan for singular/plural)
Future life conversation between two boys about what they wanna do in their future life
केटा १:तिमीले भविष्यमा के गर्न चाहन्छौ?
Boy 1:What do you want to be when you grow up?
Boy 1: Timile bhavisyama ke garna chāhanchau?
केटा २:म भविष्यमा इन्जिनियर बन्ने सोचिरहेको छु। ठूलो भवनहरू बनाउन चाहन्छु। तिमीचाहिँ के गर्ने योजना छौ?
Boy 2:I’m thinking of becoming an engineer in the future. I want to build big buildings. What about you? What are your plans?
Boy 2: Ma bhavisyama innjiniyar banne sochiraheko chu. Ṭhūlo bhawanharu banauna chahanchu. Timichahi ke garne yojana chhau?
केटा १: म त पाइलट बन्ने योजना बनाएको छु। संसारका धेरै देशहरू घुम्ने सपना छ मेरो।
Boy 1: I’m planning to become a pilot. I dream of traveling to many countries around the world.
Boy 1: Ma ta pailoṭ banne yojana banaeko chu. Sansarka dherai desharu ghumne sapna cha mero.
केटा २:पाइलट भनेको त साह्रै रोमाञ्चक काम हो। तर तिमीले पढाइमा धेरै मेहनत गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ।
Boy 2: Being a pilot is such an exciting job. But you’ll have to study hard.
Boy 2: Pailot bhane ko ta sahriī romanchaka kam ho. Tara timile paḍhaima dherai mehnat garne parne huncha.
केटा १:हो, म मेहनत गर्न तयार छु। तिमीले पनि इन्जिनियरिङ्गको लागि मिहिनेत गर्नुपर्छ नि।
Boy 1:Yes, I’m ready to work hard. You’ll also need to work hard to become an engineer, right?
Boy 1: Ho, ma mehnat garna tayar chu. Timīle pani innjiniyaringko lagi mihinet garnu parcha ni.
केटा २:अवश्य! म त गणित र विज्ञानमा विशेष ध्यान दिनेछु। यिनै विषयहरू मेरो भविष्यको लागि महत्त्वपूर्ण हुनेछन्।
Boy 2:Definitely! I’ll focus especially on math and science. These subjects will be important for my future.
Boy 2: Avashya! Ma ta ganit ra vijnanama viseṣ dhyan dinechu. Yinai visayharu mero bhavisyako lagi mahatvapurna hunechan.
केटा १:राम्रो कुरा गर्यौ। हामी दुबैजना आफ्नो लक्ष्य प्राप्त गर्नको लागि कडा मिहिनेत गर्नेछौं।
Boy 1:That’s a good point. We both need to work hard to achieve our goals.
Boy 1: Rāmro kura garyo. Hami dubai jana afno laksya prapt garna ko lagi kada mihinet garnechhau.
केटा २:हो, मेहनत गरेपछि सबै सम्भव हुन्छ। हामीले हाम्रो सपना पूरा गर्नेछौं।
Boy 2: Yes, with hard work, everything is possible. We will achieve our dreams.
Boy 2: Ho, mehnat garepachi sabai sambhāv huncha. Hamile hamro sapna pura garnechhau.
केटा १: पक्कै! अनि भविष्यमा हामी दुबैजनाले आफ्नो कामबाट हाम्रो परिवार र देशलाई गर्वान्वित पार्नेछौं।
Boy 1:Absolutely! And in the future, we’ll make our families and country proud with our work.
Boy 1: Pakkai! Ani bhaviṣyama hami dubai jana afno kām bhata hamro parivar ra deslai garvanvita parnechhau.
Present perfect Continuous Tense वर्तमान पूर्ण निरन्तर काल(Vartamana purna nirantara kala)
The present continuous tense describes actions that are happening or are ongoing. It is formed using the verb “to be” (am/is/are) followed by the -ing form of the main verb.
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + दैछ / दैछन् (daichha/daichhan for singular/plural)
व्यक्ति १:ए! तिमीलाई अचेल कस्तो छ?
Person A: Hey! How’s everything going with you these days?
Person A: Ae! Timilai achel kasto cha?
व्यक्ति २:नमस्ते! सब ठिकै छ। म अहिले काममा एउटा नयाँ प्रोजेक्टमा काम गर्दैछु, त्यसैले व्यस्त छु।
Person B: Hi! Everything’s going well. I’m currently working on a new project at work, so it’s keeping me busy.
Person B: Namaste! Sab thikai cha. Ma ahile kama eka naya project ma kaam gardeichu, tyasaile byasta chu.
व्यक्ति १:त्यो त रोचक लाग्यो। तिमी कस्तो प्रोजेक्टमा काम गर्दैछौ?
Person A: That sounds interesting. What kind of project are you working on?
Person A: Tyo ta rochak lagyo. Timi kasto project ma kaam gardeichau?
व्यक्ति २: म हाम्रो नयाँ उत्पादनको लागि नयाँ मार्केटिंग रणनीति विकास गर्दैछु। यो चुनौतीपूर्ण छ, तर म प्रक्रियाको मजा लिइरहेको छु। तिमीलाई कस्तो छ? तिमी के गर्दैछौ?
Person B: I’m developing a new marketing strategy for our latest product. It’s challenging, but I’m enjoying the process. How about you? What are you up to?
Person B: Ma hāmro naya utpādan ko lagi naya marketing rananiti bikas gardeichu. Yo chunautīpurna cha, tara ma prakriyāko maja leirāheko chu. Timilai kasto cha? Timi ke gardeichau?
व्यक्ति १:म अहिले गितार बजाउन सिक्दैछु। म प्रत्येक सप्ताहन्तमा कक्षा लिँदैछु, र धेरै अभ्यास गर्दैछु।
Person A: I’m learning to play the guitar right now. I’m taking lessons every weekend, and I’m practicing a lot.
Person A: Ma ahile gitār bajāuna sikdai chu. Ma pratyek sāptaahanta ma kshya lidaichu, ra dherai abhyās gardeichu.
व्यक्ति २:त्यो त एकदम राम्रो हो! के तिमी कुनै विशेष गीतहरू बजाउँदैछौ?
Person B: That’s awesome! Are you playing any specific songs yet?
Person B: Tyo ta ekdam ramro ho! Ke timi kunai vishes git haru bajāundaichau?
व्यक्ति १:हो, म केही गीतहरूमा काम गर्दैछु। म “Wonderwall” भन्ने Oasis को गीत सिक्दैछु। यो सजिलो छैन, तर म सिक्दैछु।
Person A: Yes, I’m working on a few. I’m trying to master “Wonderwall” by Oasis. It’s not easy, but I’m getting there.
Person A: Ho, ma kehi git haru ma kaam gardeichu. Ma “Wonderwall” bhanne Oasis ko git sikdai chu. Yo sajilo chaina, tara ma sikdai chu.
व्यक्ति २:वाह, त्यो त एकदम राम्रो गीत हो। तिमी चाँडै नै सिक्नेछौ। अरू केही रोमाञ्चक गरिरहेका छौ?
Person B: Wow, that’s a great song. I’m sure you’ll get the hang of it soon. Are you doing anything else exciting?
Person B: Wah, tyo ta ekdam ramro git ho. Timi chadai nai siknechau. Aru kehi romanchak gariraheka chau?
व्यक्ति १:म साथीहरूसँग ट्रिपको योजना पनि बनाइरहेको छु। हामी अर्को महिना पहाडहरूमा हाइकिंग गर्न जाँदैछौँ।
Person A: I’m also planning a trip with some friends. We’re going hiking in the mountains next month.
Person A: Ma sathi haru sang trip ko yojanā pani banairaheko chu. Hami arko mahina pahad haru ma hiking garnā jaadai chau.
व्यक्ति २:त्यो त एकदम रमाइलो लाग्यो! म पनि केही दिन बिदा लिने सोच्दैछु। विभिन्न ठाउँहरूको बारेमा सोच्दैछु, तर अझै निर्णय गरेको छैन।
Person B: That sounds amazing! I’m thinking about taking some time off too. I’m looking at different places to visit, but I haven’t decided yet.
Person B: Tyo ta ekdam ramailo lagyo! Ma pani kehi din bida line sochdai chu. Bibhinna thaun haruko barema sochdai chu, tara ajhai nishchit gareko chaina.
व्यक्ति १:तिमी पनि हामीसँगै जानु न! हामी धेरै रमाइलो गर्नेछौँ।
Person A: You should join us! We’re going to have a great time.
Person A: Timi pani hami sangai jannu na! Hami dherai ramailo garnechhau.
व्यक्ति २:म त्यहीँ गर्न सक्छु। म पक्कै विचार गर्दैछु
Person B:I might just do that. I’m definitely considering it!
Person B: Ma tyahi garna sakchu. Ma pukkai bichar gardeichu!
Past continuous tense भूत निरंतर काल (Bhut nirantara kala)
The past continuous tense is used to describe an action that was ongoing or in progress at a specific time in the past. It is formed by using the past tense of the verb “to be” (was/were) followed by the present participle (the -ing form) of the main verb.
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + दैथियो / दैथिन् / दै थिए (daithiyo/daithin/daithiye for different forms)
एलेक्स:ए, सैम! तिमीले गत सप्ताहन्त के गर्दै थियौ?
Alex: Hey, Sam! What were you doing last weekend?
Alex: Ae, Sam! Timile gat saptahanta ke gardai thiyau?
शमू:ओ, नमस्ते एलेक्स! गत सप्ताहन्त म गाउँमा हजुरबुवालाई भेट्न गएको थिएँ। तिमी के गर्दै थियौ?
Sam: Oh, hi Alex! Last weekend, I was visiting my grandparents in the countryside. What about you?
Sam: O, namaste Alex! Gat saptahanta ma gauma hajurbuwalai bhetna gaeko thiyein. Timi ke gardai thiyau?
एलेक्स: त्यो त राम्रो लाग्यो! म कामको लागि एक प्रोजेक्टमा काम गरिरहेको थिएँ। त्यसले मेरो धेरैजसो समय लियो।
Alex: That sounds nice! I was working on a project. It took up most of my time.
Alex: Tyo ta ramro lagyo! Ma kamko lagi ek project ma kaam gariraheko thiyein. Tyesle mero dherai jasto samaya liyo.
शमू:वाह, त्यो त गम्भीर लाग्यो। के तिमीले त्यो काम एक्लै गरिरहेको थियौ?
Sam: Wow, that sounds intense. Were you working on it alone?
Sam: Wah, tyo ta gambhir lagyo. Ke timile tyo kaam eklai gariraheko thiyau?
एलेक्स: होइन, मेरो सहकर्मी र म सँगै त्यो प्रोजेक्टमा काम गरिरहेका थियौँ। हामीलाई सोमबारभन्दा अघि नै त्यसलाई पूरा गर्नुपर्ने थियो।
Alex: No, my colleague and I collaborated on it. We were trying to finish it before Monday.
Alex: Hoina, mero sahakarmi ra ma sangai tyo project ma kaam gariraheka thiyau. Hamilai sombar bhanda agadi nai tyeslai puraa garnupardathiyo.
शमू: बुझें। तिमीले प्रोजेक्टमा काम गरिरहँदा, म हजुरबुवालाई बगैंचामा मद्दत गरिरहेको थिएँ। उनलाई बगैंचा बनाउन मन पर्छ।
Sam: I see. While you were working on your project, I was helping my grandfather with some gardening. He enjoys it.
Sam: Bujhein. Timile project ma kaam garirahauda, ma hajurbuwalai bagainchama maddat gariraheko thiyein. Unlai bagaincha banauna man parchha.
एलेक्स:त्यो त शान्तिपूर्ण लाग्यो। म तिमी जस्तै आराम गर्न पाएको भए, कामको तनावको सट्टा!
Alex: That sounds peaceful. I wish I were relaxing like you instead of stressing out!
Alex: Tyo ta shantipurna lagyo. Ma timi jastai aaram garna paako bhae, kamko tanav ko satta!
शमू: हो, तर लाग्छ हामी दुबैले गर्नुपर्ने काम गरिरहेका थियौँ!
Sam: Yeah, but I guess we both were doing what needed to be done!
Sam: Ho, tara lagchha hami dubai le garnupardako kaam gariraheka thiyau!
In this conversation, both Alex and Sam use the past continuous tense to describe actions that were happening at a specific time in the past.
Future continuous tense भविष्य निरन्तर काल (Bhavisya niranatara kala)
The future continuous tense is used to indicate that a certain action will be happening at a specific time in the future or that it will be ongoing for a while.
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb root] + दै हुनेछ (dai hunecha)
The converstion between two goverment officer about future of Nepal are given below:
व्यक्ति १:हामीले योजना अनुसार काम गरेनौं भने, आगामी वर्ष हामी अझै पनि यी समस्याहरू सामना गरिरहेका हुनेछौं।
Person A: If we don’t work according to the plan, we will still be facing these problems next year.
Person A: Hāmile yojanā anusār kām garenau bhane, āgāmī varsha hāmī ajhai pani yī samasyāharu sāmnā garirāheka hunechau.
व्यक्ति २:हो, हामीले धेरै चाँडै नै सुधारात्मक कदमहरू चाल्नुपर्नेछ। नत्र भने, जनताको असन्तुष्टि बढ्दै जानेछ।
Person B: Yes, we will need to take corrective measures very soon. Otherwise, the people’s dissatisfaction will keep growing.
Person B: Ho, hāmile dherai chādai nai sudhārātmak kadamharu chālnuparnecha. Natra bhane, janatāko asantushti badhdai janecha.
व्यक्ति १:हामी अब पनि ढिलो गरिरहेका छौं। तर, यदि हामी तुरुन्तै काम सुरु गर्छौं भने, केही वर्षपछि परिस्थितिमा सुधार देख्न सक्नेछौं।
Person A: We are already delaying things. But if we start working immediately, we might see improvements in a few years.
Person A: Hāmī aba pani dhilo garirāheka chhau. Tara, yadi hāmī turuntai kām suru garchhau bhane, kehi varsha pachi paristhitima sudhār dekhnā saknechau.
व्यक्ति २:सही हो। सरकारले नयाँ नीति लागू गरिरहेको हुनेछ, जसले अर्थतन्त्रमा सकारात्मक प्रभाव पार्नेछ।
Person B: That’s right. The government will be implementing new policies, which will have a positive impact on the economy.
Person B: Sahī ho. Sarkārle naya nīti lāgū garirāheko hunecha, jasle arthatantrama sakrātmak prabhāw pārnecha.
व्यक्ति १:साथै, हामीले शिक्षा र स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रमा पनि विशेष ध्यान दिइरहेका हुनेछौं। यसले दीर्घकालीन विकासमा मद्दत गर्नेछ।
Person A: Additionally, we will be focusing specifically on the education and health sectors. This will help in long-term development.
Person A: Sāthai, hāmile shikshā ra swāsthya kshetrama pani vishes dhyān diirāheka hunechau. Yasle dirghakālīn bikāsmā maddat garnecha.
व्यक्ति २:अनि, स्थानीय स्तरमा पनि परियोजनाहरू कार्यान्वयन गरिरहेका हुनेछौं। यसले रोजगारीको अवसर बढाउनेछ।
Person B: And, we will be implementing projects at the local level as well. This will increase employment opportunities.
Person B: Ani, sthānīya starma pani pariyojanāharu kāryānvayan garirāheka hunechau. Yasle rojgārīko ausar badāunecha.
व्यक्ति १:यही गति र प्रतिबद्धता कायम रहेमा, केही वर्षपछि नेपालको अवस्था अहिले भन्दा धेरै राम्रो हुनेछ।
Person A: If we maintain this pace and commitment, the situation in Nepal will be much better than it is now in a few years.
Person A: Yahi gati ra pratibaddhatā kāyam rahema, kehi varsha pachi Nepālko awasthā ahile bhanda dherai ramro hunecha.
