Fast facts of Nepal

General information

• Official Name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
• Capital: Kathmandu
• Population: Approximately 30 million (2024 estimate)
• Area: 147,516 square kilometers (56,956 square miles)
• Language: Nepali (official) and many regional and indigenous languages.
• Currency: Nepalese Rupee (NPR)

Geography

• Location: Landlocked country in South Asia, bordered by China (north) and India (east, west, and south).
• Topography: Home to the Himalayas, including Mount Everest, the world’s highest peak (8,848.86 m / 29,031.7 ft).
• Climate: Ranges from tropical in the south to alpine in the north.

Culture and Religion

• Ethnic Groups: Over 120 ethnic groups and castes, including Gurung, Magar, Tamang, Newar, and Tharu.
• Religion: Predominantly Hindu (around 81%), followed by Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and other indigenous beliefs.
• Festivals: Dashain, Tihar, Holi, Buddha Jayanti, and many regional festivals like Indra Jatra and Lhosar.

Biodiversity

• National Parks: Chitwan National Park (UNESCO World Heritage Site) and Sagarmatha National Park.
• Flora & Fauna: Known for rare species like the Bengal tiger, red panda, and one-horned rhinoceros.

Government

• System: Federal parliamentary republic.
• President: The ceremonial head of state.
• Prime Minister: The executive head of government.

Economy

• Main Industries: Agriculture, tourism, remittances, and hydropower.
• Notable Export Products: Handicrafts, carpets, tea, and medicinal herbs.

Interesting Facts

• Flag: Nepal’s flag is the only non-rectangular national flag in the world.
• Time Zone: UTC+5:45, unique to Nepal.
• Cultural Heritage: Hosts 10 UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
• Adventurer’s Paradise: A top destination for trekking, with famous trails like the Annapurna Circuit and Everest Base Camp trek.